IMPS-INDIA
IMPS India NPCI 24/7 instant inter-bank transfers 2010.
Définition
IMPS characteristics : (1) Real-time : near-instantaneous fund transfer (typically <30 seconds end-to-end). (2) 24/7/365 availability : process payments anytime including weekends + national holidays. (3) Operator : NPCI (National Payments Corporation of India, founded 2008 by RBI + IBA, owns IMPS + UPI + Bharat BillPay + RuPay + AePS + NACH + others). (4) Transfer modes : (a) Mobile banking app, (b) Internet banking website, (c) ATM, (d) Branch counter, (e) USSD *99# (basic phones), (f) SMS-based via MMID. (5) Routing identifiers : (a) Mobile Number + Mobile Money Identifier MMID (7-digit issued by bank), (b) Beneficiary Account Number + IFSC code, (c) Aadhaar number via AePS, (d) UPI handle via UPI rails (UPI built on IMPS infrastructure foundation). (6) Transaction limit : Rs 5 lakh per transaction (raised from earlier limits). (7) Charges : free for most customers via UPI but small fee Rs 5-25 IMPS traditional via Internet/Mobile/Branch (varies by bank). (8) UPI vs IMPS : UPI built on IMPS infrastructure but provides simpler UX via VPA Virtual Payment Address (mehdi@okhdfcbank), QR codes, in-app push notifications ; UPI now dominant ~100B+ transactions annual 2024 vs IMPS ~6B+ (UPI ~17x volume IMPS).
Origine
IMPS launched novembre 2010 by NPCI ; UPI built on IMPS launched April 2016 ; IMPS ~6B+ transactions 2024 + UPI ~100B+ transactions 2024.
Exemple en contexte
Indian customer in Mumbai sends Rs 50000 to family in Kerala : opens HDFC mobile banking app, selects 'IMPS', enters beneficiary account + IFSC code SBIN0000123 + amount Rs 50000 + remarks 'family support', authorises via OTP ; HDFC submits IMPS message to NPCI ~15 seconds, SBI bank Kerala credits beneficiary account immediately, SMS notification sent both parties confirming transfer.
Termes liés
- NEFT India — batch settlement scheme.
- RTGS India — high-value RTGS.