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Spotlight PEPPOL BIS Billing 3.0 The EU e-invoicing mandate is here — France Sept 2026, Belgium Jan 2026, Germany 2025.

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Foundations

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Standards

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Flagship messages

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Tools

RED method

On this page

Three service metrics: R, E, D.

Definition

RED: Rate counted in req/sec, Errors as percentage of failed reqs, Duration as p50/p95/p99 histogram. Complementary to USE method (Brendan Gregg, 2013) for resources. Standard Grafana SRE dashboard.

Origin

Concept introduced by Tom Wilkie at OSCON Texas 2017 ; popularised by Grafana Labs.

Example in context

An EDI Receiver service exports 3 Prometheus metrics: http_requests_total, http_errors_total, http_request_duration_seconds — RED.

  • USE — resource complement.