DeviceUsage
The patient-stated usage of a device: wore their CPAP last night, did not use the BP cuff this week. The FHIR device counterpart of MedicationStatement.
Purpose
DeviceUsage encodes the patient-stated — not mechanically confirmed — usage (or non-usage) of a device. It feeds adherence analysis, is used in telemedicine to compare patient statements with IoT-sensed reality, and plays a key role in therapeutic education.
Key elements
| Field | Type | Cardinality | Role |
|---|---|---|---|
identifier | Identifier[] | 0..* | Usage identifiers. |
status | code | 1..1 | `active`, `completed`, `not-done`, `entered-in-error`, `intended`, `stopped`, `on-hold`. |
category | CodeableConcept[] | 0..* | Usage category. |
patient | Reference(Patient) | 1..1 | Using patient. |
derivedFrom | Reference(ServiceRequest | Procedure | Claim | Observation | QuestionnaireResponse | DocumentReference)[] | 0..* | Information source. |
timing[x] | Timing | Period | dateTime | 0..1 | Usage period or timing. |
reason | CodeableReference(Condition | Observation | DiagnosticReport | DocumentReference)[] | 0..* | Medical reason. |
bodySite | CodeableReference(BodyStructure) | 0..1 | Body site. |
note | Annotation[] | 0..* | Notes (patient comments). |
JSON example
{
"resourceType": "DeviceUsage",
"id": "example-cpap-usage",
"status": "active",
"patient": {
"reference": "Patient/apnea-67890"
},
"device": {
"reference": {
"reference": "Device/cpap-resmed-001"
}
},
"timing": {
"repeat": {
"frequency": 1,
"period": 1,
"periodUnit": "d"
}
},
"informationSource": {
"reference": "Patient/apnea-67890"
},
"reason": [{
"concept": {
"coding": [{
"system": "http://snomed.info/sct",
"code": "73430006",
"display": "Sleep apnea"
}]
}
}],
"note": [{
"text": "Patient déclare port nocturne >4 h en moyenne."
}]
}Common pitfalls
- Active status while the patient reports no longer using: status should be stopped or not-done.
- Missing information source: adherence is either patient-stated or sensor-based — without source, audit is impossible.
- No timing: no regularity analysis possible.
Related resources
- device — device.
- devicedispense — dispense.
- medicationstatement — medication counterpart.
- observation — real sensor data.